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Last Updated
03/31/2019
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Detailed entries for one subject from the INDEX TO HOW TO DO IT INFORMATION. |
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COMPUTER PROGRAMMING sa CALCULATOR SOFTWARE sa COMPUTER APPLICATIONS sa COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM x PROGRAMMING (COMPUTER) x SOFTWARE (COMPUTER) xx COMPUTER Package of 8080 ultility routines each of which fit into 256 bytes. A 6502 microprocessor Op code table helps decode hexadecimal dumps. Introduction to microprogramming. A machine code relocator for the 8080. Processing logical expressions. Using the Bauer-Samelson Algorithm to compile efficient code for expressions involving "and", "or", "not" and relations among operands. A trap routine for debugging 8080 software. An 8080 simulator for an 8080 based machine. Structured program design. How to write programs that will work better the first time you try them. A 6800 program relocator program. Structured programming with Warnier-Orr diagrams. Part 1. Design methodology. Multiprogramming simplified. A look at the basics. Structured programming with Warnier-Orr diagrams. Part 2. Coding the program. Includes a sample program written in BASIC for balancing a checkbook. Structured programming with Warnier-Orr diagrams. Some further thoughts. Top-down modular programming. Background philosophy about the design of programs for the novice. Designing structured programs. The step-by-step procedure for constructing a structured program is described. Some words about program structure. Description of one method for an organized, systematic approach to writing programs. TIMEOUT. A subroutine used to introduce a delay in the execution of a main program. Written in 8080 assembler language. Designing a universal turing machine. A software approach. This program is capable of emulating the instruction set of any computer and is used to study computer concepts. It is the software counterpart of the hardware version described in the December 1976 issue. Assembly language program for single stepping the 8080 processor using software. Common mistakes using Warnier-Orr diagramming techniques in computer programming and systems design. A continuation of a series on structured programming with Warnier-Orr diagrams (Oct 1977, Dec 1977, Jan 1978). Password protection for your computer. An 8080/Z-80 assembler listing for a 3 character password. An introduction to microprogramming. 6800 disassembler which resides in the upper 2K byte portion of an 8K byte memory. Can operate on programs stored in the lower 6K. 6800 program for displaying and reading X number of bytes. 6800 register display program. A mini-disassembler for the 2650. Subroutine parameters. Three methods of passing parameters (data) between subroutines and the main program. 8080 assembly language routine to perform multi-way jumps (also called switch constructs). Using finite state machines to organize one's thoughts about a particular computer program. Helps produce good specification documents and efficient, reliable code. Variables whose values are strings. Two alternative ways of writing programs where the value of a variable is actually a string. Low-level program optimization. How to decrease memory requirements and increase execution speed. Twenty-four ways to write a loop. Illustrations of the endless varieties of program loops and how to get the most out of them. A relocator program for use on 8080 systems. Will move a source program to any location in memory and fix the address references. Runs under CP/M Dynamic Debugging Tool (DDT). Z80 user-stack emulation program uses restart instruction. Introduction to code tightening. Tips on saving a few bytes of code when you have run out of memory space. Program in 6502 code to print out hexadecimal instruction codes from KIM-1 memory. Varities of threaded code for language implementation. Some kinds are position and system independent. How to exchange the content of two memory locations (registers) without the use of a third (temporary) register. Uses the exclusive "OR" statement. Editorial: A first look at program design techniques. What to do before you start writing a program. Structured programming and structured flowcharts. A technique that makes programs easier to write, understand, fix and change. A graphic execution display subroutine. Helps determine where in a program the execution is going slow. Written for an Ohio Scientific Superboard. Build your own Turing Machine. Description of a theoretical Turing Machine and how to implement a practical version in hardware, in 6800 machine code, and in a FORTRAN program. Knowledge-based expert systems come of age. How to use a computer to perform important and difficult decision-making jobs like an expert. Includes a rule-based animal identification program in BASIC. How to prepare your computer program for publication or sale. Memory manipulator program written in Radio Shack Level II BASIC takes data input as ASCII, decimal or hexadecimal and places the hexadecimal equivalent into a specified area of memory. Use a relative subroutine call for relocatable Z80 programs. SOFTIM, a high-precision timing program written for the Zilog Z80 microprocessor. A human-factors style guide for program design. Taking the user into account in the design of software. Mod III. TRS-80 Model III features for your Model I. Add video line print, selectable cursor, and automatic key repeat to your TRS-80 Model I. This utility program occupies fewer than 170 bytes of RAM. Anatomy and development of a batch-processing system. A software system lets your computer run a series of programs without your intervention. The Atari tutorial. Part 10. Human engineering in the software. Information hiding. A helpful alternative to structured programming and modular design. A conceptual approach to real-time programming. Using various real-time programming techniques to turn a lazy computer into a real worker. Simplified program interfacing. By using jump and data tables, this technique overcomes the drawbacks of traditional methods of interfacing between 2 programs when at least one of them has fixed entry points. A simplified algorithmic approach to decision tables. Decision tables can yield structured programs suitable for use on personal computers. "Artificial" expansion of Timex-1000 memory. Programming techniques that will help you make the best possible use of available memory. Converting programs for interchangeability between the VIC-20, PET, and Commodore-64 computers. Eliminating software checks, a form of software copy protection. Part 1. Eliminating software checks, a form of software copy protection. Part 2. Eliminating software checks, a form of software copy protection. Part 3. Eliminating software checks, a form of software copy protection. Part 4. Digital fundamentals. Part 10. Programming microcomputers. Help for beginning programmers. Nine basic principals that ease the frustration. Some tips. Why structured programming? Part 1. Some insights to consider. An explanation of string interpretations (parsing techniques) for the 6800 based microcomputer. Writing diagnostic routines. Tips on writing your own test routines. Why structured programming. Part 2. The top-down approach with some practical examples. Routine to locate a two byte string in memory and print out every address where it appears. Used to supplement MIKBUG on 6800-based systems. Software debugging for beginners. Tips on avoiding common programming errors. Tips on preparing a demonstration program to show off what a computer can do. Hexadecimal memory dump is written to be run on an Altair 680b system, but will also run on any 6800 system using MIKBUG. How program loops (iterations) can be used. Examples given in BASIC, but theory applies to all languages. How to write good application programs. Some tips. Use flowcharts to communicate. Guidelines for drawing and using flowcharts before writing computer programs. Apple's documentation strikes again. A user's review of the Programmer's Aid ROM and associated documentation. Program debugging routines. (1) Prints the contents of all 8080 registers at the moment of entry and (2) Converts the bytes in register A into two ASCII hexadecimal bytes and prints the results. Finding the crash sight: A simple tracer for the 8080. A hardware circuit allows the M1 status signal to control the 8080 interrupt line causing a jump to a TRACE program. Implementing an algorithm. What is an algorithm and how to use one. Documentation: what the term means and what documentation of programs should include. How to stack many programs into available memory and arrange for them to be called in with a simple "RUN" command. This speeds up the loading of programs from tape when there is sufficient memory. Example shown for an Apple computer. Librarian program for the PET computer. Features: (1) Automatic line numbering. (2) Saving parts of programs (such as subroutines). (3) Appending one program from tape to another program in memory. Trace and disassemble program for 6800-based computers. Programming optimization techniques. Tips on using the best approach to optimize a program. DATECK. Routine to check date information as entered into a program. Reformats it into a standard arrangement for use by the program. How to prove ownership of copyrighted computer programs by inserting special instructions into the program. Evaluating small systems application software. A guide to help you. Relocatable memory dump program for the Motorola 6800 processor. Disassembler for an 1802 program (ELF II). Program patching for I/O flexibility. How to locate and patch the I/O routines in poorly documented software. Tip: Use a magnifying glass to enlarge small computer program listings when keying them into computer. Kilobaud klassroom. Part 21. Expand the memory and I/O capability of your homebuilt computer, plus a look at programming the computer. Overlay programming. Use this IBM technique to run large programs in small amounts of memory. Advice to the beginning programmer: Take it step by step. Program finder, a two-program package for the PET designed to provide an easy method for locating specific programs within a large program library. Program to convert the Apple II hexadecimal code into inverted decimal code, and vice versa. How to write a computer program. Using hierarchy charts and pseudocode to design good programs. "Patch", an Apple III programmer's aid. Included in a review of the Apple III computer. Using the unique mathematical and programming technique called recursion. Z-charting. An intriguing programming technique for manipulating data arrays. Using the Boolean XOR (exclusive OR) function. Use "Structured English" when designing and developing programs. This technique lets you concentrate on program logic, separate from other language concerns. Updated version of the VIC-20 directory program takes into account the smaller screen size. How to overcome some minor incompatibilities between systems when running VIC programs on the PET and vice versa. A selection of short programs which illustrate how to program the Timex-Sinclair 1000 computer. Utility lets the serious Timex/Sinclair user make use of space in upper memory. How to debug the software bundled with the Osborne 1 computer. A "quick and dirty" disassembler for the NEC 8201 or the Radio Shack model 100 portable computers. Tips on learning to program by making a "game" out of the teaching process. Also, a two-step program to zero an Altair 8800 memory. Books to help the owner of a microcomputer learn to program. Introduction to personal computers. How to program a computer. How self-modifying code is used to copy protect low-end software, like games. Scripting, a programming alternative. How to use ECMAScript (a general-purpose interpreted programming language) which is embedded within the hypertext markup language (HTML) of a Web browser as an alternative to BASIC programs. | |||||||||
Copyright © by Norman Lathrop Enterprises. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, print photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior expressed permission of Norman Lathrop Enterprises, except as permitted by law. |
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